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Second-smallest of the five
Great Lakes, Lake Erie
covers 9,910 square miles (25,667 square kilometers). It is the shallowest of the Great Lakes, measuring only 210 feet (64 meters) at its deepest point. Because of its shallowness,
Lake Erie's waters are easily stirred up by passing storms, creating huge waves. The lake is closed to ships from mid-December to late March each year due to ice.
Lake Erie
forms the northern border of
Ohio
and the southern border of
Ontario, Canada.
The lake is nearly equally divided between the
United States
and
Canada.
It has short borders with the states of
New York, Pennsylvania,
and
Michigan. Lake Erie
is connected to both
Lake Ontario in the northeast and Lake Huron in the northwest. It is a major trading route for iron ore from Minnesota and limestone from Michigan. These raw materials are used by steel mills in Ohio and Pennsylvania. The limestone is used for refining the steel and removing impurities. The port cities of
Cleveland, Sandusky,
and
Toledo
all benefit from trade along
Lake Erie.
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Waste chemicals from factories and sewage from lakeside cities have polluted
Lake Erie, killing off many fish and making the lake less attractive for recreational use. Clean-up efforts in the 1980's and 1990's have begun to improve water quality, but more work is still needed.
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