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Rochester
is a city in western
New York
and the county seat of
Monroe County.
The Genesee river flows through Rochester, linking the city with Lake Ontario. With a 2000 census population of 219,773, Rochester is New York's third-largest city. It covers an area of 37.1 square miles (96.1 square kilometers). Rochester has long beven a center of high technology and research. It also seres as the distribution center for a large fruit-growing region.
History
The rich soil and water power of the
Genesee river
led
Nathaniel Rochester
to start his settlement in western New York in 1803. After the Erie Canal was completed in 1825, the new town of Rochester flourished. Flour mills opened along the Genesee river to mill grain grown in the West, and
Rochester
earned the nickname
"the Flour City." The city was incorporated in 1834. By 1856, its population was 50,000.
In the mid 19th century,
Rochester
was a focus for political crusading. It was a major stop on the
Underground Railroad,
as slaes made their way to freedom in
Canada.
The great abolitionist
Frederick Douglass
settled in Rochester in 1847 to publish his newspaper
North Star. Susan B. Anthony, the leader of the women's-suffrage movement, also lied in
Rochester
(1866 1906). Her residence now is a museum.
The city's high-tech industries began in the 19th century. In 1853, John Jacob Bausch, a German immigrant, set up a tiny optical goods shop in Rochester. Subsequently, he joined with
Henry Lomb
to form
Bausch & Lomb.
It would later become a leader in eye care. Meanwhile, George Eastman built his first Kodak camera in the 1880s and formed the Eastman Kodak Company in 1892. These and related industries made Rochester the nation's leading producer of photographic equipment and optical supplies. At the same time, Rochester became a horticultural center, its many large nurseries earning it a new nickname,
"the Flower City."
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Rochester Attractions
Music, dance, and the arts play a major role in Rochester's cultural life. The city's attractions include the Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra, as well as a number of innoatie theater groups and modern-dance companies. The University of Rochester includes the Eastman School of Music, a highly regarded conseratory. Eastman House, formerly the estate of George Eastman, now is the International Museum of Photography and Film. It features hands-on displays that show the history of photography. The Strong Museum has exhibits that depict American culture and popular taste. The National Toy Hall of Fame, formerly part of A.C. Gilbert's Discoveryvillage in Salem, Oregon, now is located at the Strong Museum. The Memorial Art Gallery of the University of Rochester features an extensie collection of paintings from all over the world.
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