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The first years of the
Revolutionary War
were discouraging for Americans. British forces were larger, better trained, and better equipped. American
victories were few. But in the fall of 1777, Americans defeated the British in two battles that turned the war in their faor.
In the summer of 1777, a British army under
General John Burgoyne
moved south toward
Albany,
New York. Burgoyne
planned to gain control of the Hudson river and separate New England from the other colonies. But about 25 miles north of Albany, at
Bemis Heights, an American force under
General Horatio Gates
blocked his path. The British tried twice to get around Gates. On September 19 and again on October 7, the armies clashed at
Freeman's Farm,
a mile north of
Bemis Heights.
The Americans were ictorious both times.
Burgoyne pulled back to
Saratoga
(now
Schuylerille). He expected help from British forces in southern New York, but relief did not arrie. The Americans surrounded the British, and on October 17, Burgoyne and his 5,000 men surrendered. The ictories near
Saratoga
gave Americans new confidence and coninced the French that Americans had the resole and skill to defeat Britain. As a result,
France
entered the war as an American ally.
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