Despite horror stories of sky-high crime rates, most people visit South Africa without incident. This is not to minimize the problem - crime is probably the most serious problem facing the country. However, once you realize crime follows demographic patterns, the scale becomes less terrifying. The greatest proportion of violent crime takes place in the poorer areas - predominantly townships - and in Johannesburg, where the dangers are the worst in the country. Be careful, but don't be paranoid.

You'll notice that most middle-class homes subscribe to the services of armed, private security firms to protect their property. Protecting property and "security" are major national obsessions, and it's difficult to imagine what many South Africans would discuss at their dinner parties if the problem disappeared. The other obvious manifestation of this obsession is the huge number of alarms, bars, high walls and electronically controlled gates you'll find, not just in the suburbs, but even in less deprived areas of some townships.

Guns are openly carried by police - and often citizens. In many high streets you'll spot firearm shops rubbing shoulders with places selling clothes or books; and you'll come across notices asking you to deposit your weapon before entering the premises.

If you fall victim to a mugging, you should take very seriously the usual advice not to resist and do as you're told. The chances of this happening can be greatly minimized by using common sense and following a few simple rules. If you're staying in Johannesburg, it pays to be extra alert.